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Following the epidemics caused by the transmission of the common virus between humans and animals (COVID-19), coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third and most deadly strain of RNA virus that can cause respiratory, digestive, and nervous system problems, and there are many unknown complications. This study included 170 clinical samples of nasopharyngeal swaps (100 patients and 70 controls for both males and females). RT-PCR was performed, and blood samples were taken for biochemical analyses. They were obtained from Iraqi patients aged 25 to 92 years old. Between November 2021 and March 2022, COVID-19 patients were admitted to Dar al-salam Hospital, Alyarmok Teaching Hospital, and Alshefaa Hospital. AFIAS D-Dimer, AFIAS ferritin, and NycoCard CRP tests were performed on the patients and were classified depending on the severity of their infection (mild or moderate, severe and critical). The results showed a significant increase in ferritin in critically ill patients (545.58 ± 57.71). A significant increase of D-dimer was found with different severity with highly significant in the critical group (3.93 ± 0.79). With varying degrees of severity, a substantial rise in CRP was discovered with highly significant in the critical group (96.27 ± 14.55) between the severity group (p-value <0.001). Also, COVID-19 individuals in the age range (50 - 60) tended to be more severe than younger people, whereas the effect of gender is not significant in any patient group. The biochemical factors, including D-Dimer, ferritin, and CRP, are effective in the disease's occurrence of symptoms and severity.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Ferritins , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: according to the studies that have been conducted so far, the corona virus has more severe clinical consequences in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic cases;Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the severity of the disease and mortality in patients infected with the Coronavirus between these 2 groups. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional-analytical study, the clinical records of 185 hospitalized patients with a positive laboratory diagnosis of Covid-19 were reviewed from February 14 to February 26, 2020. The patients were divided into 2 non-diabetic (95 people) and diabetic (90 people) groups, and their clinical symptoms and blood biochemical parameters were compared. Results: Based on the results, most of the patients were male and compared to non-diabetic patients, the diabetic group was significantly older (P=0.01). In this study, the disturbance in paraclinical factors such as d-dimer, BUN, VBG and lymphopenia in diabetic patients was significantly higher than in the control group, which indicates the need for more care in diabetic patients. Conclusion: it is suggested to follow health protocols for people with land diseases, be more careful., therefore, more extensive research with larger sample sizes is needed to achieve more accurate results. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results is the property of ResearchTrentz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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The aim of this research is to analyze the potential impact of the COVID-19 infection on the serum biochemical concentration of children 6 months after recovery from the infection. The study included 72 children with a median age of 11 years. The case group consisted of 37 children who had contracted COVID-19 6 months prior to the analysis. They reported no other pre- or post-covid chronic or systemic diseases. The control group consisted of 35 children who had no prior record of COVID-19 infection. The analysis showed a substantial variation (P = 0.026) in the mean urea values (mmol/L) between the case group (4.513 ± 0.839) and the control group (5.425 ± 1.173). However, both groups' urea levels were within the normal range of their age group. No statistical differences were found analyzing the variations between the two groups in the levels of LDH, AST, ALT, BiliT, GGT, AlbBCG2, CRP, CK, AlKP, UA, Phos, Crea2, Gluc, Ca, Na, K, Cl, TP, TC, TG, and HDL (P > 0.05). The DMFT score was substantially greater (P < 0.002) in the infected team (5.38 ± 2.841) in comparison to the non-infected group (2.6 ± 2.257). The study indicates that COVID-19 infection does not leave biochemical alterations among children who did not have pre-existing conditions. The biochemical analysis suggests that children recover better than adults from COVID-19. Furthermore, it calls for investigating non-lethal COVID-19 infection as a tool to discover underlying conditions. The DMFT score shows a correlation between COVID-19 infection and caries. However, the nature of the correlation is yet to be investigated.
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Measles is a contagious disease caused by an RNA virus. Resurgence of measles after Covid-19 and its severity among children has led to many speculations about the Measles vaccination coverage and its efficacy. In this study, the clinical data of children <9 years (n=19) admitted at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) in the measles ward was analyzed. The blood samples were processed for hematology and routine biochemistry tests. The results obtained were statistically analyzed on SPSS-21 software by using One-Way ANOVA for Complete Parameters (CP), Kruskal Wallis, and Mann-Whitney test for Differential leucocyte count (DLC) and Biochemical parameters. A p<0.05 was considered significant. The results suggest no significant difference in Complete blood parameters (CP) among non-vaccinated, partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated patients. Among DLC Basophils level was significantly different (p=0.024), being lower in partially vaccinated than non-vaccinated patients. Biochemical parameters showed that serum urea level was significantly different (p=0.013), showing a decline in fully vaccinated patients as compared to non-vaccinated patients. Moreover, a significantly higher level of Alkaline phosphatase as compared to the normal range was observed in fully vaccinated patients. However, lower levels of MCH, MCV, MCHC, RBC, Hb, eosinophils, and a higher level of RDW-CV were observed overall as compared to the normal range (healthy individuals). The results suggest improvements are needed in vaccination strategies for effectively controlling the disease. Anemic conditions in overall measles patients indicate poor health conditions. This study contains a limited sample size, further research on measles virus (MeV) mutations, and vaccine optimization could be helpful for the complete eradication of measles from Pakistan. © Pakistan Academy of Sciences
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Background: The corona virus infects many organs of the body other than the respiratory system. It is necessary to highlight other infections caused by COVID-19 and therefore, the objective of our research is to study the relationship between the novel coronavirus and hyperglycemia, and its impact on some biochemical parameters in the serum of Iraqi patients. Material and Methods: The study, which took place in Abu Ghraib-Baghdad from September to December 2021. The findings of subjects who suffer from high blood sugar were selected from the tests that were conducted for many COVID-19 patients in our laboratory, and they were not suffering from this rise previously, and they are forty subjects (20 males and 20 females). The ages of all participants was ranged from 40 and 60 years. They were found to be infected with COVID-19 after a Real-time polymerase chain reaction test from nasopharyngeal swabs. Measured the body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, some positive acute phase reactants (C-reactive protein and D-dimer), and lactate dehydrogenase in the serum. Results: All patients studied had elevated fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. C-reactive protein and D-dimer were also elevated but lactate dehydrogenase was high in 32.5% of the studied patients. The mean of body mass index was 28.73±4.51 kg/m2 (overweight). Conclusion: We concluded that COVID-19 caused hyperglycemia in some Iraqi patients at Baghdad, in addition to respiratory infections. © 2023, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.
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Background: The pandemic SARS - CoV2 is a novel virus disease that first appeared in China in December 2019. On February 24, 2020, the disease spread throughout Iraq, and many different studies were conducted on it. This study highlights the procedures for diagnosing COVID-19 and evaluating tools among Iraqi patients through a systematic review of research conducted in Iraq during the past two years (2020-2021). Method(s): From March 2020 to December 31, 2021, articles on relevant themes were carefully searched in the main databases: Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, and Iraqi Academic Scientific Journals. Using keywords related to COVID-19 and Iraq yielded a total of 2743 articles. Articles were chosen for this systematic review based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, according to the PRISMA 2020 statement for reporting systematic review. Only Iraqi studies that reported data on diagnostic procedure outcomes were included, with a total of 21 articles chosen. Result(s): A total of 21 articles were found to be relevant, which reviewed the biochemical and hematological parameters as diagnostic procedures and tools in Iraqi patients. The biochemical parameters are as follows: triglycerides, cholesterol, APRs, liver functions tests, kidney functions tests, antibodies, cytokines, and minerals. The hematological parameters are as follows: ABO group, red blood cell (RBC) indices, white blood cell (WBC) indices, and platelet indices. Conclusion(s): Diagnostic procedures and tools for COVID-19 among Iraqi patients were in agreement with the majority of other global studies. High serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, d-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cytokines were associated with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and also hypoalbuminemia, lymphocytopenia, and neutrophilia. Biochemical and hematological parameters might be significant indicators for COVID-19 evaluation.
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Background: The cytokine cascade in COVID-19 is responsible for its clinical manifestations. Timely management of patients with dismal prognosis may improve their clinical outcome. The study aimed to analyze the hematological and biochemical parameters among COVID-19 patients and the factors associated with laboratory changes and COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a designated district COVID hospital. COVID-19 patient’s medical records were converted into an electronic database which included demographic data, recent exposure history, existing co-morbidities, symptoms, and laboratory findings. Results: Out of the 1340 patients, 69.25% were males. Symptomatics accounted for 57.61%. The common co-morbidities among infected patients were diabetes mellitus (13.88%), hypertension (15%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma (2.16%), which had a significant positive correlation with COVID-19. The common symptoms were fever (50.39%), dry cough (46.24%), dyspnea (30.7%), and myalgia (28.5%). Leucocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia were reported in 5.22%, 11.34%, 27.16%, and 3.41% of patients, respectively. Elevated aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperglobulinemia were observed in 13.88%, 19.4%, 24.77%, and 10% of patients, respectively. Symptomatics had significantly higher values for neutrophil percentage, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte–leucocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammatory index, blood urea, and indirect bilirubin levels and significantly lower values for lymphocyte percentage, absolute lymphocyte count, and serum albumin. The logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association of deranged laboratory parameters among symptomatic COVID-19 patients and those with pre-existing co-morbidities. Conclusion: Neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and deranged liver function tests were significantly present in COVID-19 patients. The inflammation in COVID-19 is exhibited as remarkable hematological and laboratory changes whose careful interpretation can offer a clinical window for risk stratification and appropriate therapeutic interventions.
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The objectives of this study were to determine the biological characteristics of diabetic patients who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 and to estimate the risk of death in these patients. The study included 285 COVID-19 individuals whose diagnosis was confirmed by PCR and/or on the basis of typical signs and radiological findings (CT). Patients admitted to the Infectiology Service of Ali Boushaba Public Hospitalier Khenchela, during the year 2020. The data was collected from 1 January to 30 June 2021. The average age of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the enumerated population is 62.53 + 16.65 years. A male predominance was noted, with a sex ratio of men to women in the range of 1,29. Old diabetic patients account for 48.80 % of our sample patient. The PCR was positive in 87% of diabetic cases, the oxygen desaturation was 64.7%, and the pulmonary affliction was important or critical in 28.8% and 18.7%, respectively. A wide range of biological abnormalities was found in diabetic patients, including high CRP in 95.7% of cases, hyperglycemia in 64%, hyperleucocytose in 26.6% of cases, D-dimer elevation in 56% of cases, and hypoprothrombinemia in 21.6% of cases. A high rate of urea and hypo-creatinemia were found in 36.70% and 12% of patients, respectively. As well as high rates of ASAL and ALAT in 28.80% and 26.60% of patients, respectively. In diabetics a mortality rate of 22.3% was noted. With the exception of glycemia and ALAT, the differences in percentages of these parameters based on the presence of diabetes are statistically insignificant. Furthermore, the diabetic is unrelated to the clinical outcome of the patients. Due to the high number of infections, biological changes, and deaths among diabetics infected with COVID19, it is necessary to consider good care of care of these patients in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates.
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It has been two years since the global outbreak of the highly contagious and deadly corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 first emerged in China. Since then, various diagnostic, prognostic and treatment strategies undertaken to address the pandemic have been dynamically evolving. Predictive and prognostic role of various biomarkers in COVID-19 has been a subject of intense exploration. We aimed to determine the association of Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and various surrogate inflammatory biomarkers with the severity of COVID-19 disease. This retrospective cohort study was carried out on 98 patients admitted in Jaypee Hospital, Noida with COVID-19 disease. Information regarding demographics, laboratory parameters and clinical history was collected from Hospital Information System. Serum levels of CEA and other biomarkers such as Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Ferritin, and Procalcitonin (PCT) were assessed. Correlation analyses were performed between the parameters and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) stages. Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were performed to assess the various parameters for distinguishing COVID-19 patients requiring ICU admission. Mean hospital stay, NLR, CEA, IL-6, CRP, Ferritin (P <0.0001) and PCT (P = 0.01) were significantly higher in ICU patients when compared to general ward patients. NLR, median serum CEA, IL-6, and CRP levels were significantly higher in non-survivor compared to the survivors (P <0.0001, 0.0341 and 0.0092). CEA correlated well with disease severity based upon ARDS classification and was a better marker to differentiate patient according to ARDS stages (ARDS 0 vs 2 P = 0.0006;0 vs 3 P <0.0001;ARDS 1 vs 2 P = 0.0183;1 vs 3 P = 0.0006). The area under the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for CEA was 0.7467 (95% CI-0.64885-0.84459) which revealed the potential of CEA as a biomarker to distinguish COVID-19 patients requiring ICU admission. CEA can be used to predict the severity of COVID-19 associated ARDS as well as patients requiring ICU admission. Along with routine inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, CRP, IL-6, PCT, and ferritin), CEA should be used for early identification of critical COVID-19 positive patients and for assessing prognosis. © 2022, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources. All rights reserved.
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Aloe vera plant is known worldwide for its medicinal properties and application in gel-based products such as shampoo, soap, and sunscreen. However, the demand for these gel-based products has led to a surplus production of Aloe vera processing waste. An Aloe vera gel processing facility could generate up to 4000 kg of Aloe vera waste per month. Currently the Aloe vera waste is being disposed to the landfill or used as fertilizer. A sustainable management system for the Aloe vera processing waste should be considered, due to the negative societal and environmental impacts of the currents waste disposal methods. Therefore, this review focuses on various approaches that can be used to valorize Aloe vera waste into value-added products, such as animal and aquaculture feeds, biosorbents, biofuel and natural polymers. Researchers have reported Aloe vera waste for environmental applications biosorbents used for wastewater treatment of various pollutants. Several studies have also reported on the valorization of Aloe vera waste for production of biofuels such as bioethanol, mixed alcohol fuels, biogas and syngas. Aloe vera waste could also be valorized through isolation and synthesis of natural polymers for application in wound dressing, tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. Aloe vera waste valorization was also reviewed through extraction of value-added bioactive compounds such as aloe-emodin, aloin and aloeresin. These value-added bioactive compounds have various applications in the cosmetics (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, tyrosinase inhibitors) and pharmaceutical (anticancer agent and COVID 19 inhibitors) industry.
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There is now sufficient evidence to support that vitamin D deficiency may predispose to SARS-CoV-2 infection and increase COVID-19 severity and mortality. It has been suggested that vitamin D3 supplementation may be used prophylactically as an affordable and safe strategy that could be added to the existing COVID-19 standard treatment. This multicenter, single-blinded, prospective randomized pilot clinical trial aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of 10,000 IU/day in comparison with 2000 IU/day of cholecalciferol supplementation for 14 days to reduce the duration and severity of COVID-19 in 85 hospitalized individuals. The median age of the participants was 65 years (Interquartile range (IQR): 53-74), most of them (71%) were men and the mean baseline of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in serum was 15 ng/ml (standard deviation (SD):6). After 14 days of supplementation, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly increased in the group who received 10,000IU/day (p < 0.0001) (n = 44) in comparison with the 2,000IU/day group (n = 41), especially in overweight and obese participants, and the higher dose was well tolerated. A fraction of the individuals in our cohort (10/85) developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The median length of hospital stay in these patients with ARDS was significantly different in the participants assigned to the 10,000IU/day group (n = 4; 7 days; IQR: 4-13) and the 2,000IU/day group (n = 6; 27 days; IQR: 12-45) (p = 0.04). Moreover, the inspired oxygen fraction was reduced 7.6-fold in the high dose group (p = 0.049). In terms of blood parameters, we did not identify overall significant improvements, although the platelet count showed a modest but significant difference in those patients who were supplemented with the higher dose (p = 0.0492). In conclusion, the administration of 10,000IU/day of vitamin D3 for 14 days in association with the standard clinical care during hospitalization for COVID-19 was safe, tolerable, and beneficial, thereby helping to improve the prognosis during the recovery process.
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(1) Background: In patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia, especially moderate and severe forms, a cytokine storm may occur, characterized by the worsening of symptoms and the alteration of biological parameters on days 8-12 of the disease. The therapeutic options for cytokine storms are still controversial, requiring further clarification; (2) Methods: Our study included 344 patients with moderate and severe pneumonia admitted to the internal medicine department who developed a cytokine storm (diagnosed by clinical and biochemical criteria). In group A, 149 patients were treated with Remdesivir and Tocilizumab (together with other drugs, including corticosteroids, antibiotics and anticoagulants), and in group B, 195 patients received Remdesivir and Anakinra. Patients were monitored clinically and by laboratory tests, with the main biochemical parameters being CRP (C-reactive protein), LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) and ferritin; (3) Results: Patients were followed up from a clinical point of view and also by the measurement of CRP, LDH and ferritin at the beginning of therapy, on days three to four and on the tenth day. In both groups, we registered a clinical improvement and a decrease in the parameters of the cytokine storm. In group A, with the IL-6 antagonist Tocilizumab, the beneficial effect occurred faster; in group B, with the IL-1 antagonist Anakinra, the beneficial effect was slower. (4) Conclusions: The use of the immunomodulators, Tocilizumab and Anakinra, in the cytokine storm showed favorable effects, both clinical and biochemical.
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Background: The cytokine storm and specific biochemical results were both observed during Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The aim of this study was to see if there was any correlation between biochemical findings and cytokine levels. Methods: A total of 65 COVID-19 patients, including 32 males and 33 females with ages between (16 and 90 years) were enrolled in this study. Between December 2020 and February 2021, these patients were admitted to Al-Amal Specialized Hospital or ward of COVID-19 care in Al-Sader Hospital. These patients were classified into severe/critical (43 cases), mild/moderate (22 cases) according to the guidelines released by National Health World depending on SpO 2 percentage. The biochemical indices were measured using FUJI DRI-CHEM NX500 automated clinical chemistry analyzer (FUJIFILM, Japan). The proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-1α, and IL-1β) were measured using ELISA technique. Results: IL-6 serum levels were negatively correlated with SpO2 (P = 0.002, R = - 0.372) and serum albumin (P = 0.034, R = - 0.301). IL-1α serum levels showed significant negative correlation with serum albumin levels (P = 0.039, R = - 0.259). Furthermore, a positive correlation found between IL-1β serum with serum levels of both AST and LDH (P = 0.049;R = 0.255;P = 0.054;R = 0.320 respectively). Discussion: Increased IL-6 serum levels have a direct impact on SpO2 percentage and serum albumin. Whereas the elevated levels of both IL-1α and IL-1β are a possible cause of acute inflammation and liver damage in COVID-19. Conclusions: This study further confirms the growing evidence on the direct role of proinflammatory cytokines in the biochemical changes shown in COVID-19. © 2022 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.
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Animal and human mycotoxicoses occur due to the ingestion of metabolites of toxicogenic microfungi. The effect increases in case of the co-ingestion of several mycotoxins, their mix with another ecotoxicants and biological agents. However, published research data only partially cover the nature of mixed mycotoxicoses in infectious diseases. This work shows for the first time the effect on pigs of the infection load of Clostridium perfringes and the combined effect of T-2 toxin, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol in low doses. Our goal was to study the chronic form of combined mycotoxicosis in weaned pigs with a persistent infection in herd on the animal productivity, blood morpho-biochemical and immunological parameters, pathological changes in organs and tissues. Combined experimental mycotoxicosis with infectious load was modeled under the conditions of the vivarium complex (the Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, 2018) on the weaning Large White piglets (Sus scrofa domesticus) divided into three groups 3 pigs each. Group I received no mycotoxins, group II received dietary T-2 toxin (70 µg/kg feed), group III received mixed dietary mycotoxins (DON 1000 µg/kg, ZEN 50 µg/kg and T-2 70 µg/kg). All animals were orally administered a suspension of Clostridium perfringes No. 392 type C (1½106 CFU/ml, 2 ml). On day 15, the animals were vaccinated intramuscularly in the posterior thigh with 1 ml of the associated vaccine against rota-, coronavirus and colorectal diarrhea of newborn piglets (FCTRB-VNIVI). Group I (control) was considered clinically healthy. Signs of intoxication, blood biochemical parameters (total protein, total bilirubin, glucose, malondialdehyde, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity), blood morphology (counts of erythrocytes, leukocytes, the hemoglobin level) and immunological parameters (T- and B-lymphocytes, titer of antibodies to vaccine antigens) on day 10, 20 and 30. The antibody titers to the Escherichia coli vaccine strain were determined by the agglutination reaction, to the coronavirus vaccine antigen by the ELISA test using a Multiscan FC photometer (Thermo Scientific, USA), and to the rotavirus antigen by an indirect hemagglutination test. At the end of the experiment, pieces of organs were fixed in 10 % neutral formalin, followed by generally accepted pathomorphological processing for histological studies. Histopreparations were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Feed contamination with mycotoxins combined with clostridiosis had an adverse effect on the clinical and immune status, blood morpho-biochemical parameters, and pathoanatomical patterns. The changes were more apparent in co-contamination with ecotoxicants. Average daily bodyweight gain in piglets of group II was lower by 20.5 % compared to the control (p ≥ 0.05), of group III by 39.2 % (p ≤ 0.05). In group III, by the end of the experiment, there was a decrease in the erythrocyte counts by 40 % (p ≤ 0.001), in the level of hemoglobin by 20 % (p ≤ 0.01), glucose by 57 % (p ≤ 0.001), and total protein by 13 % (p ≤ 0.05). The concentration of bilirubin increased 5.1-fold (p ≤ 0.001), the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase 2.2- and 1.8-fold (p ≤ 0.001), respectively, the concentration of malondialdehyde 2.8-fold (p ≤ 0.001), the activity of alkaline phosphatase decrease by 41.5 % (p ≤ 0.001). Co-mycotoxicosis combined with an infectious load led to immunological changes. Titers of specific antibodies to rotavirus were 8 times lower, to coronavirus 6.4 times lower (p ≤ 0.05), to Escherichia 5 times lower (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the control. Marked pathological changes in the internal organs also occurred. Therefore, the co-mycotoxicosis due to T-2 toxin-, deoxynivalenol- and zearalenone-contaminated feed combined with the persistence of Clostridium perfringens, the causative agent of intestinal infection lead to suppression of immunological parameters (a decrease in the titer of specific protective ntibodies, the number of T- and B-lymphocytes), activation of lipid peroxidation, and pathological changes in tissues and organs of the piglets. © 2022 Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. All rights reserved.
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Purpose of the study. To analyze changes in blood biochemical parameters in the acute period of COVID-19, in the period of early and late convalescence during dynamic observation of patients. Material and methods. In 50 patients in the acute period of COVID-19 and in the post-COVID period, the content of glucose, creatinine, urea, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, transaminases, C-reactive protein in the blood serum was studied. Results. In the acute period of COVID-19 and in the post-COVID period, cases of hyperglycemia were recorded (n=7 and n=6, respectively), not associated with a history of diabetes mellitus. During COVID-19, creatinine levels increased in almost every fourth patient and returned to normal in most patients during the convalescence period. Increased activity of transaminases during the illness was recorded in 64% of patients, in most patients in the post-COVID period, the indicators returned to normal. During hospitalization, an increased content of total bilirubin was determined in 1 patient, after 10—14 days — in 14% of patients, during the period of convalescence — in 6%. The course of the disease was characterized by hypoalbuminemia and a decrease in the concentration of total protein by 19%. In the period of convalescence, an increase in the concentration of total protein by 10% was recorded;a year after the infection, normalization of the albumin level was noted. The course of COVID-19 was accompanied by a significant increase in the level of C-reactive protein, which decreased in the dynamics of observations;after 2—3 months, the increase in the level remained in 12%, after a year — in 16% of patients. Conclusion. The acute period of COVID-19 was characterized by pronounced changes in the biochemical parameters of the blood. In the post-COVID period, deviations from the norm of certain indicators were noted in more than 30% of patients. This indicates the need for dynamic monitoring of laboratory parameters, which can help prevent the development of comorbidities after suffering COVID-19. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Цель исследования. Провести анализ изменений биохимических показателей крови в остром периоде COVID-19, в периоде ранней и поздней реконвалесценции при динамическом наблюдении пациентов. Материал и методы. У 50 пациентов в остром периоде COVID-19 и в постковидном периоде исследовано содержание в сыворотке крови глюкозы, креатинина, мочевины, общего белка, альбумина, общего билирубина, трансаминаз, С-реактивного белка. Результаты. В остром периоде COVID-19 и в постковидном периоде зафиксированы случаи гипергликемии (n=7 и n=6 соответственно), не связанные с наличием сахарного диабета в анамнезе. В течение COVID-19 уровень креатинина возрастал практически у каждого четвертого больного и нормализовался у большинства пациентов в периоде реконвалесценции. Повышенная активность трансаминаз за время болезни зафиксирована у 64% больных, у большинства пациентов в постковидном периоде показатели нормализовались. При госпитализации повышенное содержание общего билирубина определено у 1 пациента, через 10—14 дней — у 14% больных, в периоде реконвалесценции — у 6%. Течение болезни характеризовалось гипоальбуминемией и снижением концентрации общего белка на 19%. В периоде реконвалесценции регистрировали возрастание концентрации общего белка на 10%, через год после перенесенной инфекции отмечена нормализация уровня альбумина. Течение COVID-19 сопровождалось значительным увеличением уровня С-реактивного белка, снижавшемся в динамике наблюдений, через 2—3 мес повышение уровня сохранялось у 12%, через год — у 16% пациентов. Заключение. Острый период COVID-19 характеризовался выраженными изменениями биохимических параметров крови. В постковидном периоде отклонения от нормы тех или иных показателей отмечены более чем у 30% пациентов. Это свидетельствует о необходимости динамического мониторинга лабораторных показателей, который может помочь предотвратить развитие сопутствующей патологии после перенесенного COVID-19. (Russian) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Profilakticheskaya Meditsina is the property of Media Sphere Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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INTRODUCTION: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV2-CoV-2) viral outbreak in Wuhan (China) caused thousands of confirmed cases and deaths around the world. Severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure and death are the ultimate consequence of infection. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the regularly performed standard laboratory parameters that can assist in COVID-19 case identification and establish an effective approach to help care and management of (COVID-19) patients. METHODOLOGY: COVID-19 (n = 129) patients were hospitalized in the Suez Canal University Hospital and were retrospectively examined. Laboratory parameters were gathered from patients upon admission (n = 129) during the period from the 20th of June to 15th of August 2020. SARS-CoV-2 cases were diagnosed clinically and radiologically by chest Computed Tomography (CT) and confirmed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The results showed that COVID-19 survivors exhibited lower hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT), while showed higher Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and lymphocytes. Logistic regression analysis showed that age greater than 60 years old, neutrophilia and high NLR were associated with more deaths. CONCLUSION: Monitoring of lymphopenia, neutrophilia and NLR may help categorizing patients who may need Intensive care.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pneumonia, Viral , COVID-19/diagnosis , Hospitals, University , Humans , Middle Aged , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Honey products contain a lot of compounds, such as vitamins, enzymes, and minerals, which make honey and its products a great antioxidant with a critical role in health status. It is well accepted that honey and propolis can improve a lot of health problems when they are consumed in certain quantities. The objective of this study is to help regular blood donors improve their health status after donation. Material and methods: Eighty regular blood donor volunteers-30 males aged 19-61 and 30 females aged 21-64-were divided into 4 groups: group A (n = 20) consumed 2 spoons of Greek honey and 1 drop of propolis per day for 1 month, group B (n = 20) consumed 2 spoons of honey per day for 1 month, group C (n = 20) consumed 1 drop of propolis per day, and group D (n = 20) did not consume any Greek honey products. Blood samples were collected from all participants just before the consumption of the products, one month after the consumption, and six months after honey product consumption had ceased. All samples were analyzed for reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid profiles, and ferritin levels. Results: The ROS were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in groups A, B, and C after the honey product consumption and increased significantly again after six months. No significant differences in lipid profiles were observed. Only triglyceride levels were increased after six months in all groups. On the other hand, ferritin levels were not statistically significantly decreased after six months in groups A and B, while they were increased in group C. Conclusions: In the present study, statistically significant decreases in ROS status was found after a small dose of honey product consumption, indicating a diet with an extra small dose of honey products after blood donation.
ABSTRACT
Background: Data on biochemical markers and their association with mortality rates in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. An evaluation of baseline routine biochemical parameters was performed in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU, in order to identify prognostic biomarkers. Methods: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected prospectively from patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the adult ICU of a tertiary hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, between October 2020 and February 2021. Robust Poisson regression methods and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to explore the association of biochemical parameters with severity and mortality. Results: A total of 82 patients (median age 53.8 years, interquartile range 46.4-59.7 years) were enrolled, of whom 55 (67%) were female and 27 (33%) were male. The median duration of ICU stay was 10 days (interquartile range 5-14 days); 54/82 patients died (66% case fatality rate). Baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (adjusted relative risk 1.002, 95% confidence interval 1.0004-1.004; P = 0.016) and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (adjusted relative risk 1.0004, 95% confidence interval 1.0001-1.0007; P = 0.014) were both found to be independent risk factors of a poor prognosis, with optimal cut-off values of 449.5 U/l (sensitivity 100%, specificity 43%) and 551 pg/ml (sensitivity 49%, specificity 86%), respectively. Conclusions: LDH and NT-proBNP appear to be promising predictors of a poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients in the ICU. Studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm the validity of this combination of biomarkers.
ABSTRACT
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), a novel coronavirus causing Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) in December 2019, is now a pandemic infectious disease, primarily affecting the respiratory tract. To date, many investigations are available for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. A viral nucleic acid test has been used for the diagnosis of COVID-19, and some hematological indicators have been used in the auxiliary diagnosis and identification of the severity of COVID-19. There are very few studies available in routine urine biochemical parameters and their relation with Covid-19 patients. Aim: This study is aimed to study the changes in urine parameter values in COVID-19 disease and to predict the severity of the disease with the changes in urine parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 patients with COVID-19 were admitted at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital during the study period. All cases tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR test done on nasopharyngeal swabs during the study period were included. Patients who tested negative by RT-PCR test were considered as controls. The relationship between the results of urine biochemical parameters and the severity of COVID-19 were analysed by Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test. Results: The positive rates of proteinuria (PRO) and leucocytes were more significant in COVID-19 patients than in healthy controls. The urine specific gravity (SG) value was highly significant (p<0.001) while the blood, nitrites in urine, and potential of hydrogen (pH) value was insignificant. Conclusion: There were some considerable changes in few urine biochemical parameters between patients with the SARS-CoV-2 and healthy controls. So from this study we conclude, proteinuria is helpful for predicting COVID-19 severity and kidney function.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with a high mortality rate, has caught the eyes of researchers worldwide and placed a heavy burden on the health care system. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the values of biochemical parameters on the outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Golestan, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on 183 COVID-19 patients (i.e., 94 males and 89 females) between March and September 2020. The biochemical parameters and demographic data of the patients (including age, sex, urea, creatinine [Cr], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], and creatine kinase [CK]) were obtained from electrical medical records. According to the outcome of COVID-19, the patients were categorized into two groups (i.e., death [n = 63] and survival [n = 120] groups), and the biochemical parameters and outcomes of COVID-19 were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 183 patients, 120 (65.5%) had a non-severe type and recovered from COVID-19, and 63 (34.4%) developed into a critically severe type and died. The mean age of all patients was 56.5 years old. The highest mortality was observed in patients with LDH ≥280. The data obtained by the one-sample t-test showed that there were significantly higher mean values of urea, Cr, CK, and LDH in COVID-19 patients when compared to their reference intervals (PË0.0001 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Some biochemical parameters are effective in the evaluation of dynamic variations in COVID-19 patients. It can be concluded from the results that biochemical parameters and reinforce LDH may be useful for the evaluation of the COVID-19 outcome.